Iraq disarmament crisis

While speaking at the Pentagon on February 17, 1998, President Bill Clinton warned of the "reckless acts of outlaw nations and an unholy axis of terrorists, drug traffickers and organized international criminals." These "predators of the twenty-first century," he said "will be all the more lethal if we allow them to build arsenals of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons and missiles to deliver them. We simply cannot allow that to happen. There is no more clear exam ...

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Operation Desert Fox, Operation Desert Fox - Background, Operation Desert Fox - Reaction

Read more here: » Operation Desert Fox: Encyclopedia II - Operation Desert Fox - Background

1992 - January. January 1 - Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt replaces Javier Pérez de Cuéllar of Peru as United Nations Secretary-General January 1 - George H. W. Bush becomes the first President of the United States to address the Australian Parliament. January 8 - Bosnian Serbs declare their own republic within Bosnia-Herzegovina in protest to the decision by Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats to seek EC recognition. January 8 - George H. W. Bush falls violently ill in the prese ...

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1992, 1992 - Events, 1992 - January, 1992 - February, 1992 - March, 1992 - April, 1992 - May, 1992 - June, 1992 - July, 1992 - August, 1992 - September, 1992 - October, 1992 - November, 1992 - December, 1992 - Unknown Dates, 1992 - Fictional Events, 1992 - Births, 1992 - Deaths, 1992 - January-April, 1992 - May-December, 1992 - Unknown date, 1992 - Nobel Prizes, 1992 - Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, 1992 - Templeton Prize, 1992 - Alternative

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The French government severely criticized the letter and the policies of these nations. Their admission to the EU was not jeopardized, but US promises — not least in terms of funding of future military improvements — may have been at stake; and the military might of the US seemed a much stronger protection against future threats from a revanchist Russia. For their part the central European states emphasized a commitment to such traditional European and American values as free trade and democracy — and also their participation in ...

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Vilnius letter, Vilnius letter - Criticism, Vilnius letter - Background, Vilnius letter - Further information

Read more here: » Vilnius letter: Encyclopedia II - Vilnius letter - Criticism

2002 - January. January 1 - The Republic of China officially joins the World Trade Organization, as Chinese Taipei. January 1 - The Open Skies mutual surveillance treaty, initially signed in 1992, officially enters in to force. January 5 - Charles Bishop, a 15 year-old student pilot, crashes a light aircraft into a Tampa, Florida building, evoking fear of a copycat 9/11 terrorist attack. January 9 - The United States Department of Justice announces it is going to pursue a c ...

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2002, 2002 - Overview of the year, 2002 - Events, 2002 - January, 2002 - February, 2002 - March, 2002 - April, 2002 - May, 2002 - June, 2002 - July, 2002 - August, 2002 - September, 2002 - October, 2002 - November, 2002 - December, 2002 - Unknown Date, 2002 - Births, 2002 - August, 2002 - December, 2002 - Deaths, 2002 - January, 2002 - February, 2002 - March, 2002 - April, 2002 - May, 2002 - June, 2002 - July, 2002 - August, 2002 - September, 2002 - October, 2002 - November, 2002 - December, 2002 - Nobel Prizes, 2002 - Fields Medalists

Read more here: » 2002: Encyclopedia II - 2002 - Events

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings. In the spring, the United States and the Coalition Provisional Authority decided to confront the rebels with a pair of assaults: one on Fallujah, the center of the "Mohammed's Army of Al-Ansar", and another on Najaf, home of an important mosque, which had become the focal point for the Mahdi Army and its activities. In Fallujah four private military contractors, working for Blackwater USA, were ambushed and murdered, and their corpses desecrated. In retaliation ...

See also:

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Insurgency begins, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Saddam captured and Elections requests, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Transfer of sovereignty, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Offensives and counteroffensives, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Announcements and renewed fighting, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Reconstruction, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - United Nations resolutions, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Elections, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sovereignty for Iraq, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Guerrilla war, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sabotage, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fallujah, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Muqtada al-Sadr, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Hostages, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fall-out, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraq Coalition members departures, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - U.S. military patrolling, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - External articles and further reading

Read more here: » Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005: Encyclopedia II - Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath. On 31 January, an election for a government to draft a permanent constitution took place. Although some violence and lack of widespread Sunni participation marred the event, most of the eligible Kurd and Shia populace participated. On 4 February, Paul Wolfowitz announced that 15,000 U.S. troops whose tours of duty had been extended in order to provide election security would be pulled out of Iraq by the next month. ^{See also:}

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Insurgency begins, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Saddam captured and Elections requests, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Transfer of sovereignty, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Offensives and counteroffensives, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Announcements and renewed fighting, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Reconstruction, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - United Nations resolutions, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Elections, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sovereignty for Iraq, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Guerrilla war, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sabotage, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fallujah, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Muqtada al-Sadr, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Hostages, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fall-out, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraq Coalition members departures, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - U.S. military patrolling, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - External articles and further reading

Read more here: » Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005: Encyclopedia II - Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War. On May 1, 2003, President Bush declared the "end of major combat operations" in Iraq, while aboard the USS Abraham Lincoln which had hung a large "Mission Accomplished" banner. The weeks following the removal of the Saddam Hussein regime were generally a euphoric time among the Iraqi populace. New York Post correspondent Jonathan Foreman, reporting from Baghdad in May 2003, wrote that looting was less widespread than reported, and that "the intensity of the ...

See also:

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Insurgency begins, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Saddam captured and Elections requests, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Transfer of sovereignty, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Offensives and counteroffensives, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Announcements and renewed fighting, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Reconstruction, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - United Nations resolutions, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Elections, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sovereignty for Iraq, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Guerrilla war, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sabotage, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fallujah, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Muqtada al-Sadr, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Hostages, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fall-out, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraq Coalition members departures, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - U.S. military patrolling, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - External articles and further reading

Read more here: » Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005: Encyclopedia II - Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003

The multinational forces still exercise considerable power in the country and, with the New Iraqi Army, conduct military operations against the Iraqi insurgency. The role of Iraqi government forces in providing security is increasing. According to Article 42 of the Hague Convention, "[t]erritory is considered occupied when it is actually placed under the authority of the hostile army." [2] The International Humanitarian Law Research Initiative sta ...

See also:

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Insurgency begins, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Saddam captured and Elections requests, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Transfer of sovereignty, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Offensives and counteroffensives, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Announcements and renewed fighting, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Reconstruction, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - United Nations resolutions, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Elections, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sovereignty for Iraq, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Guerrilla war, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sabotage, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fallujah, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Muqtada al-Sadr, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Hostages, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fall-out, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraq Coalition members departures, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - U.S. military patrolling, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - External articles and further reading

Read more here: » Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005: Encyclopedia II - Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence

As of September 2005, there were 26 countries with military forces stationed in Iraq. These were Albania, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, El Salvador, Estonia, Georgia, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, South Korea, United Kingdom, United States, and Ukraine. Fiji is also present but under the United Nations banner. Poland, the Netherlands, ...

See also:

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Insurgency begins, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Saddam captured and Elections requests, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Transfer of sovereignty, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Offensives and counteroffensives, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Announcements and renewed fighting, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Reconstruction, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - United Nations resolutions, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Elections, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sovereignty for Iraq, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Guerrilla war, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sabotage, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fallujah, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Muqtada al-Sadr, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Hostages, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fall-out, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraq Coalition members departures, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - U.S. military patrolling, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - External articles and further reading

Read more here: » Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005: Encyclopedia II - Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations

A military occupation was established and run by the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA), which later appointed and granted limited powers to an Iraq Interim Governing Council. Troops for the occupation came primarily from the United States and the United Kingdom, but twenty-nine other nations also provided some troops, and there were varying levels of assistance from Japan and other allied countries. Tens of thousands of private security per ...

See also:

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Insurgency begins, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Saddam captured and Elections requests, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Transfer of sovereignty, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Offensives and counteroffensives, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Announcements and renewed fighting, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Reconstruction, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - United Nations resolutions, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Elections, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sovereignty for Iraq, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Guerrilla war, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sabotage, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fallujah, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Muqtada al-Sadr, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Hostages, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fall-out, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraq Coalition members departures, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - U.S. military patrolling, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - External articles and further reading

Read more here: » Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005: Encyclopedia II - Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation

Possible estimates on the total number of people killed in the invasion and occupation of Iraq vary widely. All estimates below are as of 28 December 2005, and include both the 2003 invasion of Iraq and the following Post-invasion Iraq, 2003-2005. References ^  Herold, Marc, et. al., "Iraq Bodycount". (ed. This is not a news organization; Public database of media-reported deaths in Iraq) See also:

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Insurgency begins, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Saddam captured and Elections requests, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Transfer of sovereignty, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Offensives and counteroffensives, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Announcements and renewed fighting, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Reconstruction, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - United Nations resolutions, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Elections, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sovereignty for Iraq, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Guerrilla war, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sabotage, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fallujah, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Muqtada al-Sadr, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Hostages, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fall-out, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraq Coalition members departures, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - U.S. military patrolling, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - External articles and further reading

Read more here: » Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005: Encyclopedia II - Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties

Despite the defeat of the old Iraqi army, irregular forces, both Iraqi and external, have conducted attacks against the Coalition and, more recently, the new sovereign Iraqi government. In the early months following the "end of major combat operations", insurgents conducted sniper attacks, suicide bombings at road checkpoints, and ambushes, resulting in about 30 multinational force personel deaths per month. Sometimes the attackers would say that they were motivated by revenge (e.g., an anti-coalition group claimed the four Iraqis tha ...

See also:

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Insurgency begins, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Saddam captured and Elections requests, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Transfer of sovereignty, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Offensives and counteroffensives, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Announcements and renewed fighting, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Reconstruction, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - United Nations resolutions, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Elections, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sovereignty for Iraq, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Guerrilla war, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sabotage, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fallujah, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Muqtada al-Sadr, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Hostages, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fall-out, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraq Coalition members departures, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - U.S. military patrolling, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - External articles and further reading

Read more here: » Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005: Encyclopedia II - Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency

The establishment of a new civilian government of Iraq was complicated by religious and political divisions between the majority Shi'ite population and the formerly ruling Sunni class. Moreover, many of the people in Saddam's ruling Ba'ath Party were perceived as tainted by the association by some parties. In northern Iraq, Kurds had already had effectively autonomous rule for 12 years under the protection of the no-fly zone. On May 16, 2003, U.S. officials abandoned the plan to cede authority to a democratically chosen interim civili ...

See also:

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Insurgency begins, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Saddam captured and Elections requests, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Transfer of sovereignty, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Offensives and counteroffensives, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Announcements and renewed fighting, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Reconstruction, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - United Nations resolutions, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Elections, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sovereignty for Iraq, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Guerrilla war, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sabotage, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fallujah, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Muqtada al-Sadr, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Hostages, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fall-out, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraq Coalition members departures, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - U.S. military patrolling, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - External articles and further reading

Read more here: » Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005: Encyclopedia II - Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government

On 11 October 2002, President Bush's senior adviser on the Middle East, Zalmay Khalilzad, released U.S. government plans to establish an American-led military administration in Iraq, as in post-war Germany and Japan, which could last for several years after the fall of Saddam. [26] In the run-up to the invasion, the U.S. promised a speedy transition to a democratic government, as well as the creation of an Iraqi constitution, and the active role of ...

See also:

Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Military occupation, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Legal status of the coalition presence, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2003, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - End of the War, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Insurgency begins, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Saddam captured and Elections requests, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2004, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Spring Uprisings, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Transfer of sovereignty, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Offensives and counteroffensives, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - 2005, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi elections and aftermath, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Announcements and renewed fighting, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Participating nations, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Casualties, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Reconstruction, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Civilian government, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - United Nations resolutions, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Elections, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sovereignty for Iraq, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi insurgency, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Guerrilla war, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Sabotage, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fallujah, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Muqtada al-Sadr, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Hostages, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Fall-out, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraq Coalition members departures, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - U.S. military patrolling, Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - External articles and further reading

Read more here: » Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005: Encyclopedia II - Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–2005 - Iraqi councils and authorities

There are 8 countries that are known to possess nuclear weapons, only 5 of which are members of the NPT. States known, or commonly accepted, to possess nuclear weapons include: China; France; India; Israel; Pakistan; Russia; the United Kingdom; and the United States of America. States with access to nuclear weapons through nuclear sharing agreements: Belgium, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Turkey. States currently suspected of possessing or developing nuclear weapon capabilities: Iran and North Korea. ...

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Weapons of mass destruction, Weapons of mass destruction - Historic use of the term WMD, Weapons of mass destruction - Current definitions, Weapons of mass destruction - Differences among WMD types, Weapons of mass destruction - WMD use and control, Weapons of mass destruction - Countries suspected of having Nuclear Weapons, Weapons of mass destruction - National politics, Weapons of mass destruction - Media coverage of WMD, Weapons of mass destruction - Public perceptions of WMD, Weapons of mass destruction - WMD in film music and humor

Read more here: » Weapons of mass destruction: Encyclopedia II - Weapons of mass destruction - Countries suspected of having Nuclear Weapons

In Australia there was little public debate about the scale or military impact of the Australian commitment. Instead, public debate centred on the more fundamental question of whether forces should be sent at all, and if so, whether they should take part without explicit United Nations backing. Australians generally regard their soldiers, sailors and airmen as a highly trained elite group, worthy of comparison with any in the world. Their ability to affect the course of the war in a significant way is limited by the different and rela ...

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Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - Forces committed, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - Military significance of Australian forces, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - Operations by Australian Forces, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - Maritime operations, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - Special forces operations, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - Air operations, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - Operations after the war, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - The Australian contribution in context, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - The scale of the Australian force commitment, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - Motivations for Australia's involvement in the war, Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - F-111 debate

Read more here: » Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq: Encyclopedia II - Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq - Military significance of Australian forces

In 2004 the Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland (CISSM) released a report ([23]) examining the media’s coverage of WMD issues during three separate periods: India’s nuclear weapons tests in May 1998; the US announcement of evidence of a North Korean nuclear weapons program in October 2002; and revelations about Iran's nuclear program in May 2003. The CISSM report notes that poor coverage resulted less from political bias among the media than from tired journalistic conventions. The report’s major findings were tha ...

See also:

Weapons of mass destruction, Weapons of mass destruction - Historic use of the term WMD, Weapons of mass destruction - Current definitions, Weapons of mass destruction - Differences among WMD types, Weapons of mass destruction - WMD use and control, Weapons of mass destruction - Countries suspected of having Nuclear Weapons, Weapons of mass destruction - National politics, Weapons of mass destruction - Media coverage of WMD, Weapons of mass destruction - Public perceptions of WMD, Weapons of mass destruction - WMD in film music and humor

Read more here: » Weapons of mass destruction: Encyclopedia II - Weapons of mass destruction - Media coverage of WMD

Belgium is a constitutional popular monarchy and parliamentary democracy that evolved after World War II from a unitary state to a federation. The bicameral parliament is composed of a Senate and a Chamber of Representatives. The former is a mix of directly elected senior politicians and representatives of the communities and regions; while the latter represents all Belgians over the age of eighteen in a proportional voting system. Belgium is one of the few countries that has compulsory voting, thus having one of the highest rates of voter turnout in the w ...

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Belgium, Belgium - History, Belgium - Politics, Belgium - Communities and regions, Belgium - Geography, Belgium - Economy, Belgium - Demographics, Belgium - Culture, Belgium - Notes

Read more here: » Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Belgium - Politics

1993 - January. January 27 - André the Giant Roussimoff, French professional wrestler (b. 1946) 1993 - February. February 5 - Joseph L. Mankiewicz, American writer, producer, and director (b. 1909) February 5 - Tip Tipping, American actor and stuntman (parachuting accident) (b. 1958) February 6 - Arthur Ashe, American tennis player and activist (b. 1943) February 11 - Robert W. Holley, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physio ...

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1993, 1993 - Events, 1993 - January, 1993 - February, 1993 - March, 1993 - April, 1993 - May, 1993 - June, 1993 - July, 1993 - August, 1993 - September, 1993 - October, 1993 - November, 1993 - December, 1993 - Unknown dates, 1993 - Births, 1993 - Deaths, 1993 - January, 1993 - February, 1993 - March, 1993 - April, 1993 - May, 1993 - June, 1993 - July, 1993 - August, 1993 - September, 1993 - October, 1993 - November, 1993 - December, 1993 - Unknown dates, 1993 - Nobel Prizes, 1993 - Templeton Prize, 1993 - Alternative

Read more here: » 1993: Encyclopedia II - 1993 - Deaths

The country's constitution was revised on 14 July 1993 to create a unique federal state, based on three levels: The federal government, based in Brussels. The three language communities: the Flemish (i.e., Dutch-speaking) Community; the French (i.e., French-speaking) Community; and the German-speaking Community. The three regions (which differ from the language communities with respect to the German-speaking community and th ...

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Belgium, Belgium - History, Belgium - Politics, Belgium - Communities and regions, Belgium - Geography, Belgium - Economy, Belgium - Demographics, Belgium - Culture, Belgium - Notes

Read more here: » Belgium: Encyclopedia II - Belgium - Communities and regions

Robin Cook was born in Bellshill, Scotland, the only son of Peter and Christina Cook. His father was a science teacher and his grandfather was a miner before being blacklisted for being involved in a strike. He studied English Literature at Edinburgh University earning an MA, and after a brief period as a schoolteacher became a local councillor in Edinburgh in 1971. He was introduced to horse racing by his wife, Margaret Cook (whom he married in 1969 and with whom he had two sons, Peter and Chr ...

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Robin Cook, Robin Cook - Background and personal life, Robin Cook - Parliamentary career, Robin Cook - In Government, Robin Cook - Foreign Secretary, Robin Cook - Leader of the House of Commons, Robin Cook - Resignation over Iraq war, Robin Cook - Bibliography

Read more here: » Robin Cook: Encyclopedia II - Robin Cook - Background and personal life

With the Ba'ath party organization disintegrated, elements of the secret police and Republican Guard formed guerrilla units, since some had simply gone home rather than openly fight the multinational forces. These joined the insurgency and their attacks around Mosul, Tikrit and Fallujah. The militants and guerilla units favored attacking unarmored vehicles and avoiding major battles. The beginning insurgency in Iraq was concentrated in, but not limited to, an area referred to by the Western media and the occupying forces as the Sunni triangl ...

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Iraq War, Iraq War - Terminology, Iraq War - War rationales and debates, Iraq War - War justifications, Iraq War - Proponents of the war, Iraq War - Criticisms of the war, Iraq War - Iraq Survey Group findings, Iraq War - War of Iraq, Iraq War - Operation Iraqi Freedom, Iraq War - Operations under the new Iraqi government, Iraq War - The Iraqi insurgency, Iraq War - Notes, Iraq War - External articles

Read more here: » Iraq War: Encyclopedia II - Iraq War - The Iraqi insurgency