Stock Market Crash of 1929

Burns' birthday is September 15, but the year of his birth is uncertain. His age is most often mentioned as being 104 years. (Though once in the episode "Simpson and Delilah" where Homer became an executive, he stated his age as 81 after Homer guessed 102; and he once had a ninetieth birthday during the series.) The season 15 episode "The Regina Monologues" stated that his age was a three-digit number (his ATM code is his age, and he pressed four buttons, including, assumably, the enter key). In another episode he is portrayed terrorizing ch ...

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Montgomery Burns, Montgomery Burns - Age, Montgomery Burns - Biography, Montgomery Burns - Early life, Montgomery Burns - Post-WWII, Montgomery Burns - Present day, Montgomery Burns - Health, Montgomery Burns - State of mind, Montgomery Burns - Real life models, Montgomery Burns - Video game appearances, Montgomery Burns - The Simpsons: The Arcade Game, Montgomery Burns - The Simpsons Road Rage, Montgomery Burns - The Simpsons: Hit and Run

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While fully alert and untouched by senility, Burns is wildly out of touch with the modern world. For example: He often slips into using language appropriate for the early 20th century or even the 19th century (such as using "score", meaning 20 years, "twain", meaning 2 years, and "post-haste", meaning rapidly, when speaking). He thinks that Prussia is still a separate country (it became a part of the newly-formed German Empire in 1871). Upon arriving at a gas station, Burns orders Marge (whom he mistakes for an ...

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Montgomery Burns, Montgomery Burns - Age, Montgomery Burns - Biography, Montgomery Burns - Early life, Montgomery Burns - Post-WWII, Montgomery Burns - Present day, Montgomery Burns - Health, Montgomery Burns - State of mind, Montgomery Burns - Real life models, Montgomery Burns - Video game appearances, Montgomery Burns - The Simpsons: The Arcade Game, Montgomery Burns - The Simpsons Road Rage, Montgomery Burns - The Simpsons: Hit and Run

Read more here: » Montgomery Burns: Encyclopedia II - Montgomery Burns - State of mind

By this period some immigrant families began establishing themselves, and more started moving into the neighborhoods outside Manhattan; in a sign of municipal maturation, the 1920 census showed Brooklyn for the first time overtaking Manhattan as the most populous borough. But the great period of European immigration which had only just passed its peak was halted abruptly by the Immigration Act of 1924 which severely limited further immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe. This period instead saw a major domestic movement to the city, as the Great Migration of African Americans from the South resulted in a f ...

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History of New York City 1898-1945, History of New York City 1898-1945 - Ragtime Era, History of New York City 1898-1945 - Jazz Age, History of New York City 1898-1945 - Great Depression and WWII

Read more here: » History of New York City 1898-1945: Encyclopedia II - History of New York City 1898-1945 - Jazz Age

Although Roosevelt's landslide 1936 victory produced large Democratic majorities in both houses of Congress, which led to predictions of great new achievements from the president's supporters, the administration encountered a long string of frustrations. Ambitious reform ideas often floundered because of bureaucratic constraints, such as the absence of a government bureaucracy with sufficient strength and expertise to administer them, and because of rising business opposition. Political constraints were crippling both in Congress and ...

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History of the United States 1918-1945, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Red Scare from 1918 to 1921, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Aftermath of World War I, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Roaring Twenties, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Prohibition, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The federal government in the 1920s, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Great Depression, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Roosevelt administration, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Great Depression and the election of 1932, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The First Hundred Days, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The bank holiday and the Emergency Banking Act, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Economy Act, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Farm Programs, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Other initiatives, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The National Industrial Recovery Act NIRA, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Setbacks of Roosevelt's second term, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The recession of 1937 and recovery, History of the United States 1918-1945 - World War II and the end of the Great Depression, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Legacies of the New Deal, History of the United States 1918-1945 - World War II

Read more here: » History of the United States 1918-1945: Encyclopedia II - History of the United States 1918-1945 - Setbacks of Roosevelt's second term

Although the New Deal did not end the depression, many believe that it helped to prevent the economy from decaying further by increasing the regulatory functions of the federal government in ways that helped stabilize previous trouble areas of the economy: the stock market, the banking system, and others. It also produced a new political coalition that sustained the Demoratic Party as the majority party in national politics for more than a generation after its own end. Laying the foundations for the postwar era, Roosevelt and the New ...

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History of the United States 1918-1945, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Red Scare from 1918 to 1921, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Aftermath of World War I, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Roaring Twenties, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Prohibition, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The federal government in the 1920s, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Great Depression, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Roosevelt administration, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Great Depression and the election of 1932, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The First Hundred Days, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The bank holiday and the Emergency Banking Act, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Economy Act, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Farm Programs, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Other initiatives, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The National Industrial Recovery Act NIRA, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Setbacks of Roosevelt's second term, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The recession of 1937 and recovery, History of the United States 1918-1945 - World War II and the end of the Great Depression, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Legacies of the New Deal, History of the United States 1918-1945 - World War II

Read more here: » History of the United States 1918-1945: Encyclopedia II - History of the United States 1918-1945 - Legacies of the New Deal

He was born in Kalmar, the eldest son of the banker, industrialist and Russian consul Ernst Kreuger and his wife Jenny. In school Ivar skipped ahead two classes to graduate at age 16, continuing his studies at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm where he graduated with two Master's degrees from the faculties of mechanical and civil engineering, at the age of 20. From the turn of the century he spent seven years travelling and working abroad as an engineer in the U.S., Mexico, and South Africa, among other countries, before ...

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Ivar Kreuger, Ivar Kreuger - History, Ivar Kreuger - Companies, Ivar Kreuger - Kreuger Crash, Ivar Kreuger - Fictional depictions, Ivar Kreuger - Trivia, Ivar Kreuger - Source

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By 1932, rumours had started spreading that Kreuger & Toll and other companies forming Kreuger's empire had become financially unstable. Securities of Kreuger & Toll were very wanted in the Wall Street. When the company went bankrupt in 1932, claimed assets worth of $250 million turned out to be nonexistent. On March 12, 1932 Ivar Kreuger was found dead in a hotel room in Paris. Evidence suggested that he had shot himself, committing suicide rather than face his creditors. Later rumors (or rather conspiracy theories) claimed t ...

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Ivar Kreuger, Ivar Kreuger - History, Ivar Kreuger - Companies, Ivar Kreuger - Kreuger Crash, Ivar Kreuger - Fictional depictions, Ivar Kreuger - Trivia, Ivar Kreuger - Source

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Ivar Kreuger was the inspiration for the thinly disguised "Bjorn Faulkner", a character in Ayn Rand's 1935 hit Broadway play, Night of January 16th. Ivar Kreuger was also the inspiration for the character of Paul Kroll in the 1933 Hollywood film The Match King directed by William Keighley, starring Warren William and Lili Damita ...

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Ivar Kreuger, Ivar Kreuger - History, Ivar Kreuger - Companies, Ivar Kreuger - Kreuger Crash, Ivar Kreuger - Fictional depictions, Ivar Kreuger - Trivia, Ivar Kreuger - Source

Read more here: » Ivar Kreuger: Encyclopedia II - Ivar Kreuger - Fictional depictions

Because potential conflicts of interest may arise between different parts of a bank, the authorities that regulate investment banking (the FSA in the United Kingdom and the SEC in the United States) require that banks impose a Chinese wall which prohibits communication between Investment Banking on one side and Research and Equities on the other. These are some of the conflicts of interest involved in investment banking: Historically, most equity research firms are owned by investment banks. It is common practice for equi ...

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Investment bank, Investment bank - Role of modern investment banks, Investment bank - Raising capital in the capital markets, Investment bank - The main activities and units, Investment bank - Recent evolution of the business, Investment bank - Compensation, Investment bank - Possible conflicts of interest, Investment bank - Investment banks

Read more here: » Investment bank: Encyclopedia II - Investment bank - Possible conflicts of interest

Investment bankers are compensated through a base salary that is paid through the year and a large year-end bonus, in July for junior bankers and in November for senior bankers. In the United States recent graduates, typically of top universities, are hired to fill analyst positions and are commonly paid for their first year a $60,000 salary, a $10,000 sign-on bonus, and a bonus that ranges with the reputation and the profitability of the firm but is usually between $40,000 to $60,000. While the base salary stays the same, the size of the bo ...

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Investment bank, Investment bank - Role of modern investment banks, Investment bank - Raising capital in the capital markets, Investment bank - The main activities and units, Investment bank - Recent evolution of the business, Investment bank - Compensation, Investment bank - Possible conflicts of interest, Investment bank - Investment banks

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For details, see the main World War II article. Isolationist sentiment in America had ebbed, but the United States at first declined to enter the war, limiting itself to giving supplies and weapons to the United Kingdom, the Republic of China, and the Soviet Union. American feeling changed drastically with the sudden Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, and the U.S. quickly joined the British-Soviet alliance against the Empire of Japan, Fascist Italy, and Nazi Germany, known as the "Axis Alliance". Even with American participation, ...

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History of the United States 1918-1945, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Red Scare from 1918 to 1921, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Aftermath of World War I, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Roaring Twenties, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Prohibition, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The federal government in the 1920s, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Great Depression, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Roosevelt administration, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Great Depression and the election of 1932, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The First Hundred Days, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The bank holiday and the Emergency Banking Act, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The Economy Act, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Farm Programs, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Other initiatives, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The National Industrial Recovery Act NIRA, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Setbacks of Roosevelt's second term, History of the United States 1918-1945 - The recession of 1937 and recovery, History of the United States 1918-1945 - World War II and the end of the Great Depression, History of the United States 1918-1945 - Legacies of the New Deal, History of the United States 1918-1945 - World War II

Read more here: » History of the United States 1918-1945: Encyclopedia II - History of the United States 1918-1945 - World War II

Large, global investment banks typically have several business units, including Investment Banking, concerned with advising public and private corporations; Research, concerned with producing reports on valuations of financial products; and Sales and Trading, concerned with buying and selling products both on behalf of the bank's clients and also for the bank itself. Banks undertake risk through Proprietary Trading, done by a special set of traders who do not interface with clients and through Principal RiskSee also:

Investment bank, Investment bank - Role of modern investment banks, Investment bank - Raising capital in the capital markets, Investment bank - The main activities and units, Investment bank - Recent evolution of the business, Investment bank - Compensation, Investment bank - Possible conflicts of interest, Investment bank - Investment banks

Read more here: » Investment bank: Encyclopedia II - Investment bank - The main activities and units

Montreal is a transportation hub for eastern Canada, with well-developed air, road, rail, and maritime links to the rest of Canada, as well as the United States and Europe. Montreal - Public Transit. The Montreal Metro was inaugurated in 1966 in time for the Expo 67 World's Fair held in the city the following year. Montreal is also served by a commuter rail system, which is managed and operated ...

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Montreal, Montreal - History, Montreal - City government, Montreal - Climate, Montreal - Demographics, Montreal - Religion, Montreal - Economy, Montreal - Places in Montreal, Montreal - Downtown Montreal, Montreal - Old Montreal, Montreal - Griffintown, Montreal - Olympic Village, Montreal - Museums and Cultural Centres, Montreal - Religious Sanctuaries, Montreal - Chinatown, Montreal - The Gay Village, Montreal - The Plateau, Montreal - Mile End, Montreal - Mount Royal, Montreal - Night Life, Montreal - Strip Clubs, Montreal - Sports, Montreal - Major Sports Venues, Montreal - Current professional franchises, Montreal - Former professional franchises, Montreal - Transportation, Montreal - Public Transit, Montreal - Airports, Montreal - Roads, Montreal - Culture, Montreal - Music, Montreal - Education, Montreal - Universities, Montreal - Neighbouring Municipalities, Montreal - Notes

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After the 1954 Security hearings, Oppenheimer is reported to have been "like a wounded animal", and he started to retreat to a simpler life. In 1957, he purchased a piece of land on Gibney Beach in the island of St John in the Virgin Islands. He built a spartan vacation home on the beach, where he would spend holidays, usually months at a time, with his wife Kitty. Oppenheimer also spent a considerable amount of time sailing with his wife. Upon their death, the property was inherited by their daughter Toni, who then left it to "the people of ...

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Robert Oppenheimer, Robert Oppenheimer - Early life and education, Robert Oppenheimer - Europe, Robert Oppenheimer - California, Robert Oppenheimer - Radical politics, Robert Oppenheimer - The Manhattan Project, Robert Oppenheimer - Los Alamos, Robert Oppenheimer - Trinity, Robert Oppenheimer - Japan, Robert Oppenheimer - Postwar activities, Robert Oppenheimer - Atomic Energy Commission, Robert Oppenheimer - Security hearings, Robert Oppenheimer - Institute for Advanced Study, Robert Oppenheimer - Final years, Robert Oppenheimer - Legacy, Robert Oppenheimer - Notes, Robert Oppenheimer - On Oppenheimer's first initial

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Robert Oppenheimer's life is usually seen to highlight a number of cultural and historical trends in the transformation of science from the 1920s through the 1950s. As a scientist, Oppenheimer is remembered by his students and colleagues as being a brilliant researcher and engaging teacher, the founder of modern theoretical physics in the United States. Many have asked why Oppenheimer never won a Nobel Prize. Scholars respond that his scientific attentions often changed rapidly and he never worked long enough on any one topic to achie ...

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Robert Oppenheimer, Robert Oppenheimer - Early life and education, Robert Oppenheimer - Europe, Robert Oppenheimer - California, Robert Oppenheimer - Radical politics, Robert Oppenheimer - The Manhattan Project, Robert Oppenheimer - Los Alamos, Robert Oppenheimer - Trinity, Robert Oppenheimer - Japan, Robert Oppenheimer - Postwar activities, Robert Oppenheimer - Atomic Energy Commission, Robert Oppenheimer - Security hearings, Robert Oppenheimer - Institute for Advanced Study, Robert Oppenheimer - Final years, Robert Oppenheimer - Legacy, Robert Oppenheimer - Notes, Robert Oppenheimer - On Oppenheimer's first initial

Read more here: » Robert Oppenheimer: Encyclopedia II - Robert Oppenheimer - Legacy

Robert Oppenheimer - On Oppenheimer's first initial. The meaning of the "J" in J. Robert Oppenheimer has been the source of confusion among many. Historians Alice Kimball Smith and Charles Weiner sum it up best, in their volume Robert Oppenheimer: Letters and recollections (Harvard University Press: Cambridge, 1980), on page 1: "Whether the 'J' in Robert's name stood for Julius or, as Robert himself once said, 'for nothing' may never be fully resolved. His brother Frank surmises that the 'J' was symbolic, ...

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Robert Oppenheimer, Robert Oppenheimer - Early life and education, Robert Oppenheimer - Europe, Robert Oppenheimer - California, Robert Oppenheimer - Radical politics, Robert Oppenheimer - The Manhattan Project, Robert Oppenheimer - Los Alamos, Robert Oppenheimer - Trinity, Robert Oppenheimer - Japan, Robert Oppenheimer - Postwar activities, Robert Oppenheimer - Atomic Energy Commission, Robert Oppenheimer - Security hearings, Robert Oppenheimer - Institute for Advanced Study, Robert Oppenheimer - Final years, Robert Oppenheimer - Legacy, Robert Oppenheimer - Notes, Robert Oppenheimer - On Oppenheimer's first initial

Read more here: » Robert Oppenheimer: Encyclopedia II - Robert Oppenheimer - Notes

Overnight, Oppenheimer became a national spokesman for science, and emblematic of a new type of technocratic power. Nuclear physics became a powerful force as all governments of the world began to realize the strategic and political power which came with nuclear weapons and their horrific implications. Like many scientists of his generation, he felt that security from atomic bombs would come only from some form of transnational organization (such as the newly formed United Nations) which could institute a program to stifle a nuclear arms race. ...

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Robert Oppenheimer, Robert Oppenheimer - Early life and education, Robert Oppenheimer - Europe, Robert Oppenheimer - California, Robert Oppenheimer - Radical politics, Robert Oppenheimer - The Manhattan Project, Robert Oppenheimer - Los Alamos, Robert Oppenheimer - Trinity, Robert Oppenheimer - Japan, Robert Oppenheimer - Postwar activities, Robert Oppenheimer - Atomic Energy Commission, Robert Oppenheimer - Security hearings, Robert Oppenheimer - Institute for Advanced Study, Robert Oppenheimer - Final years, Robert Oppenheimer - Legacy, Robert Oppenheimer - Notes, Robert Oppenheimer - On Oppenheimer's first initial

Read more here: » Robert Oppenheimer: Encyclopedia II - Robert Oppenheimer - Postwar activities

When World War II started, Oppenheimer eagerly became involved in the efforts to develop an atomic bomb which were already taking up much of the time and facilities of Lawrence's Radiation Laboratory at Berkeley. In 1941, Lawrence, Vannevar Bush, Arthur Compton, and James Conant were trying to wrest the bomb project from the Uranium Committee established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939, because they felt it was proceeding too slowly. Oppenheimer was invited to take over work on fast neutron calculations, a task which he threw hims ...

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Robert Oppenheimer, Robert Oppenheimer - Early life and education, Robert Oppenheimer - Europe, Robert Oppenheimer - California, Robert Oppenheimer - Radical politics, Robert Oppenheimer - The Manhattan Project, Robert Oppenheimer - Los Alamos, Robert Oppenheimer - Trinity, Robert Oppenheimer - Japan, Robert Oppenheimer - Postwar activities, Robert Oppenheimer - Atomic Energy Commission, Robert Oppenheimer - Security hearings, Robert Oppenheimer - Institute for Advanced Study, Robert Oppenheimer - Final years, Robert Oppenheimer - Legacy, Robert Oppenheimer - Notes, Robert Oppenheimer - On Oppenheimer's first initial

Read more here: » Robert Oppenheimer: Encyclopedia II - Robert Oppenheimer - The Manhattan Project

MacDonald took the post of Foreign Secretary as well as Prime Minister, and made it clear that his main priority was to undo the damage which he believed had been caused by the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, by settling the reparations issue and coming to terms with Germany. He left domestic matters to his ministers, including J.R. Clynes as Lord Privy Seal, Philip Snowden as Chancellor of the Exchequer and Henderson as Home Secretary. Since the government did not have a majority in either House of the Parliament, there was in any ca ...

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Ramsay MacDonald, Ramsay MacDonald - Early career, Ramsay MacDonald - Party leader, Ramsay MacDonald - First government, Ramsay MacDonald - Second government, Ramsay MacDonald - National Government, Ramsay MacDonald - Personal life, Ramsay MacDonald - MacDonald's Governments

Read more here: » Ramsay MacDonald: Encyclopedia II - Ramsay MacDonald - First government

Baldwin formed a strong majority Conservative government, but it was racked by crisis throughout its term, particularly the General Strike of 1926 and the sharply deteriorating economic situation, marked by a rapid rise in unemployment. At the May 1929 election, Labour won 288 seats to the Conservatives' 260, with 59 Liberals under Lloyd George holding the balance of power. (At this election MacDonald moved from Aberavon to the seat of Seaham Harbour in County Durham.) Baldwin resigned and MacDonald again formed a minority government, at fir ...

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Ramsay MacDonald, Ramsay MacDonald - Early career, Ramsay MacDonald - Party leader, Ramsay MacDonald - First government, Ramsay MacDonald - Second government, Ramsay MacDonald - National Government, Ramsay MacDonald - Personal life, Ramsay MacDonald - MacDonald's Governments

Read more here: » Ramsay MacDonald: Encyclopedia II - Ramsay MacDonald - Second government

MacDonald did not want an immediate election, but the Conservatives forced him to agree to one in October 1931. The National Government won 554 seats, comprising 470 Conservatives, 35 National Labour, 32 Liberals and various others, while Labour won only 52 and the Lloyd George Liberals four. This was the largest mandate ever won by a British Prime Minister at a democratic election, but it left MacDonald a prisoner of the Conservatives, as was shown after the election when Neville Chamberlain became Chancellor and Baldwin, as Lord President, ...

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Ramsay MacDonald, Ramsay MacDonald - Early career, Ramsay MacDonald - Party leader, Ramsay MacDonald - First government, Ramsay MacDonald - Second government, Ramsay MacDonald - National Government, Ramsay MacDonald - Personal life, Ramsay MacDonald - MacDonald's Governments

Read more here: » Ramsay MacDonald: Encyclopedia II - Ramsay MacDonald - National Government

The meaning of the term "appeasement" has changed throughout the years. According to Paul Kennedy in his Strategy and Diplomacy, 1983, appeasement is "the policy of settling international quarrels by admitting and satisfying grievances through rational negotiation and compromise, thereby avoiding the resort to an armed conflict which would be expensive, bloody and possibly dangerous." Further quotes: "At bottom, the old appeasement was a mood of hope, Victorian in its optimism, Burkean in its belief that societies evolve ...

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Appeasement, Appeasement - Different views on appeasement, Appeasement - Appeasement of Hitler, Appeasement - Reasons why the British government appeased Hitler, Appeasement - Peace in our Time, Appeasement - Origins of the concept of the Western Betrayal, Appeasement - Chamberlain and rearmament, Appeasement - Appeasement's effect on the Second World War, Appeasement - Responses to criticism of appeasement, Appeasement - Useful textbooks especially A-level-oriented

Read more here: » Appeasement: Encyclopedia II - Appeasement - Different views on appeasement