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Uppsala | A Wisdom Archive on Uppsala | | Uppsala A selection of articles related to Uppsala | |
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uppsala, Uppsala, Uppsala - Economy, Uppsala - Geography, Uppsala - History, Uppsala - Notable natives, Uppsala - Politics, Uppsala - Sites of interest, Uppsala - Universities, Uppsala Municipality (Kommun), Gamla Uppsala Old Uppsala in Norse mythology, Temple at Uppsala The Temple of Old Uppsala in Norse Mythology, Upsala Nya Tidning Uppsala newspaper
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Uppsala | | | |  Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Suiones - EtymologyThe form Suiones appears in the Roman author Tacitus's Germania. A closely similar form, Sweon(as), is found in Old English and in the work of Adam of Bremen, about the Hamburg-Bremen archbishops, they are denoted Sueones.
According to one theory (Schagerström 1931), the name is derived from Proto-Germanic *saiwi- meaning "lake" or "sea" resulting in *siwíoniz and later *swi-oniz meaning the "sea people". However, this root is not known to have produced any other deriv ...
See also:Suiones, Suiones - On the name, Suiones - Location, Suiones - Etymology, Suiones - History, Suiones - Romans, Suiones - Jordanes, Suiones - Anglo-Saxon sources, Suiones - Adam of Bremen, Suiones - Norse sagas Read more here: » Suiones: Encyclopedia II - Suiones - Etymology |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Johannes Messenius - Conflict However, his hubris, boasting and waywardness caused difficulties with his colleagues at the university, especially since Johannes Rudbeck became his main enemy. The students were finally divided into two factions, one for him, and the other one against him. The Consistory at Uppsala became the battle ground for open fights and antics (partly with Messentius' support) that became so serious that th ...
See also:Johannes Messenius, Johannes Messenius - Childhood, Johannes Messenius - Seeking a position, Johannes Messenius - Back in Sweden, Johannes Messenius - Professorship, Johannes Messenius - Conflict, Johannes Messenius - Dramatist, Johannes Messenius - Imprisonment, Johannes Messenius - Source Read more here: » Johannes Messenius: Encyclopedia II - Johannes Messenius - Conflict |
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| | | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Johannes Messenius - Seeking a position After seven years in Braunsberg, Johannes travelled across Europe. He visited Denmark in 1602, and in 1603, he was a dinner speaker at Bishop Piotr Tylicki in Cracow. He made a short visit in Rome in 1604, but the climate forced him to return to Germany where he possibly won an M.A. in Ingolstadt, in 1605. He is also said to have received the title Poëta cæsarius ("poet of the Emperor") from emperor Rudolph II.
Johannes moved further north to the Jesuit hostel in Danzig, he taught at a school in Braunsberg, and eventually, he opened a private school in Danzig, where he married Lucia Grothusen, the dau ...
See also:Johannes Messenius, Johannes Messenius - Childhood, Johannes Messenius - Seeking a position, Johannes Messenius - Back in Sweden, Johannes Messenius - Professorship, Johannes Messenius - Conflict, Johannes Messenius - Dramatist, Johannes Messenius - Imprisonment, Johannes Messenius - Source Read more here: » Johannes Messenius: Encyclopedia II - Johannes Messenius - Seeking a position |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Swedish Armed Forces - Military Ranks Swedish military ranks, essentially corresponds to those used by the armed forces of the English speaking world. Swedish ranks correspond even more closely to those in German usage due to linguistic similarities. See comparative military ranks.
There are two different systems of rank for commissioned officers, depending on whether one is commissioned according to the system used in the Army, or the one in the Navy. The Air Force and the n ...
See also:Swedish Armed Forces, Swedish Armed Forces - Possible enemies, Swedish Armed Forces - Current deployments, Swedish Armed Forces - Training, Swedish Armed Forces - Military Ranks, Swedish Armed Forces - Organization, Swedish Armed Forces - Branches, Swedish Armed Forces - Military Districts, Swedish Armed Forces - Schools, Swedish Armed Forces - Centres, Swedish Armed Forces - Government agencies reporting to the Ministry of Defence, Swedish Armed Forces - Voluntary Defence Organizations Read more here: » Swedish Armed Forces: Encyclopedia II - Swedish Armed Forces - Military Ranks |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Swedish Armed Forces - Possible enemies Usually, the adversary in tactical wargames and scenarios is thought to use equipment from the former Warsaw Pact, although a specific country is never mentioned for political reasons. The majority of Swedish equipment is NATO compatible, and most scenarios include some form of cooperation with one or more of the NATO members. Recent political decisions have strongly emphasized the will to participate in international peace support operations, to the point where this has become the ma ...
See also:Swedish Armed Forces, Swedish Armed Forces - Possible enemies, Swedish Armed Forces - Current deployments, Swedish Armed Forces - Training, Swedish Armed Forces - Military Ranks, Swedish Armed Forces - Organization, Swedish Armed Forces - Branches, Swedish Armed Forces - Military Districts, Swedish Armed Forces - Schools, Swedish Armed Forces - Centres, Swedish Armed Forces - Government agencies reporting to the Ministry of Defence, Swedish Armed Forces - Voluntary Defence Organizations Read more here: » Swedish Armed Forces: Encyclopedia II - Swedish Armed Forces - Possible enemies |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Runic alphabet - Overview The earliest runic inscriptions date from ca. 150, and the alphabet was generally replaced by the Latin alphabet with Christianisation, by ca. 700 in central Europe and by ca. 1400 in Scandinavia. However, the use of runes persisted for specialized purposes, mainly in Scandinavia and in rural Sweden until the early 20th century (used mainly for decoration as Dalecarlian runes and on Runic calendars).
The three best known runic alphabets are:
the Elder Futhark (ca. 150–800)
the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc (400–1100)
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See also:Runic alphabet, Runic alphabet - Overview, Runic alphabet - Background, Runic alphabet - Origins, Runic alphabet - Magic and Divination, Runic alphabet - Common use, Runic alphabet - Gothic runes, Runic alphabet - Elder Fuþark, Runic alphabet - Names, Runic alphabet - Frisian and Anglo-Saxon Fuþorc, Runic alphabet - Younger Fuþark, Runic alphabet - Names, Runic alphabet - Evolution, Runic alphabet - Long-branch runes, Runic alphabet - Short-twig runes, Runic alphabet - Hälsinge Runes staveless runes, Runic alphabet - Dalecarlian Runic script, Runic alphabet - Modern use, Runic alphabet - Third Reich, Runic alphabet - Neopaganism, Runic alphabet - Literature, Runic alphabet - Unicode, Runic alphabet - Distribution, Runic alphabet - Runiform scripts, Runic alphabet - Special characters Read more here: » Runic alphabet: Encyclopedia II - Runic alphabet - Overview |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Runic alphabet - Frisian and Anglo-Saxon Fuþorc main article: Anglo-Saxon Futhorc.
The Futhorc are an extended alphabet, consisting of 29, and later even 33 characters. It was used probably from the 5th century onward. There are competing theories as to the origins of the Anglo-Saxon Fuþorc. One theory proposes that it was developed in Frisia and later spread to England. Another holds that runes were introduced by Scandinavians to England where the fuþorc was modified and exported to Frisia. Both theories have their inherent weaknesses and a definitive answer likely awaits ...
See also:Runic alphabet, Runic alphabet - Background, Runic alphabet - Origins, Runic alphabet - Magic and Divination, Runic alphabet - Common use, Runic alphabet - Gothic runes, Runic alphabet - Elder Fuþark, Runic alphabet - Names, Runic alphabet - Frisian and Anglo-Saxon Fuþorc, Runic alphabet - Intermediary Inscriptions, Runic alphabet - Younger Fuþark, Runic alphabet - Long-branch runes, Runic alphabet - Short-twig runes, Runic alphabet - Hälsinge Runes staveless runes, Runic alphabet - Dalecarlian Runic script, Runic alphabet - Modern use, Runic alphabet - Third Reich, Runic alphabet - Neopaganism, Runic alphabet - Popular culture, Runic alphabet - Unicode, Runic alphabet - Distribution, Runic alphabet - Runiform scripts, Runic alphabet - Special characters Read more here: » Runic alphabet: Encyclopedia II - Runic alphabet - Frisian and Anglo-Saxon Fuþorc |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Helium - Isotopes Although there are eight known isotopes of helium, only helium-3 and helium-4 are stable. In the Earth's atmosphere, there is one He-3 atom for every million He-4. However, helium is unusual in that its isotopic abundance varies greatly depending on its origin. In the interstellar medium, the proportion of He-3 is around a hundred times higher. Rocks from the Earth's crust have isotope ratios varying by as much as a factor of ten; this is used in geology ...
See also:Helium, Helium - Notable characteristics, Helium - Gas and plasma phases, Helium - Solid and liquid phases, Helium - Electron energy levels, Helium - Applications, Helium - History, Helium - Discoveries, Helium - Production and use, Helium - Occurrence and production, Helium - Abundance, Helium - Production, Helium - Isotopes, Helium - Precautions Read more here: » Helium: Encyclopedia II - Helium - Isotopes |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Helium - Occurrence and production
Helium - Abundance.
Helium is the second most abundant element in the known Universe after hydrogen and constitutes 23% of all elemental matter measured by mass even though there are 8 times as many hydrogen atoms as helium ('elemental matter' does not include dark matter or dark energy, which together may account for 96% of the Universe). It is concentrated in stars, where it is formed from hydrogen by the nuclear fusion of the proton-proton chain reaction and CNO cycle. This so-called 'hydrogen burning' process ...
See also:Helium, Helium - Notable characteristics, Helium - Gas and plasma phases, Helium - Solid and liquid phases, Helium - Electron energy levels, Helium - Applications, Helium - History, Helium - Discoveries, Helium - Production and use, Helium - Occurrence and production, Helium - Abundance, Helium - Production, Helium - Isotopes, Helium - Precautions Read more here: » Helium: Encyclopedia II - Helium - Occurrence and production |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Helium - History
Helium - Discoveries.
Helium was first detected on August 18, 1868 as a bright yellow line with a wavelength of 587.49 nm in the spectrum of the chromosphere of the Sun, by French astronomer Pierre Janssen during a total solar eclipse in India. Janssen was at first ridiculed since no element had ever been detected in space before being found on Earth. October 20th the same year, English astronomer Norman Lockyer also observed the same yellow line in the solar spectrum and concluded that it was caused by an unknow ...
See also:Helium, Helium - Notable characteristics, Helium - Gas and plasma phases, Helium - Solid and liquid phases, Helium - Electron energy levels, Helium - Applications, Helium - History, Helium - Discoveries, Helium - Production and use, Helium - Occurrence and production, Helium - Abundance, Helium - Production, Helium - Isotopes, Helium - Precautions Read more here: » Helium: Encyclopedia II - Helium - History |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Hervarar saga - Versions The saga is found in many MSs, but there are three distinct versions called H, R and U, of which H and R are preserved in vellums. H is preserved in the Hauksbók (A.M. 544, 4to), by Haukr Erlendsson (d.1334), from ca 1325. R, or MS 2845, 4to, is stored in the Danish Royal Library of Copenhagen and it is dated to the 15th century. There is also a version called U which is partially preserved as R:715 of Carolina Rediviva, the University Library of Uppsala, and as AM 203 fol. in the University Library of Copenhagen. This version is from the mid 17th century and was written by Síra ...
See also:Hervarar saga, Hervarar saga - Synopsis, Hervarar saga - Versions, Hervarar saga - Age, Hervarar saga - Tolkien, Hervarar saga - Bibliography Read more here: » Hervarar saga: Encyclopedia II - Hervarar saga - Versions |
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| | | | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - History of democracy - Rise of democracy in modern national governments
History of democracy - Pre-Eighteenth century milestones.
Renaissance humanism was a cultural movement in Europe beginning in central Italy (particularly Florence) in the last decades of the 14th century. It revived and refined the study of language (First Latin, and then the Greek language by mid-century), science, philosophy, art and poetry of classical antiquity. The "revival" was based on interpretations of Roman and Greek texts. Their emphasis on art and the senses ...
See also:History of democracy, History of democracy - Origins, History of democracy - Prehistoric democracies, History of democracy - Ancient Greece, History of democracy - Local popular institutions, History of democracy - Rise of democracy in modern national governments, History of democracy - Pre-Eighteenth century milestones, History of democracy - Eighteenth and nineteenth century milestones, History of democracy - The secret ballot, History of democracy - 20th century waves of democracy, History of democracy - Main competitors to democracy, History of democracy - Contemporary trends, History of democracy - Ideas, History of democracy - Documents, History of democracy - People, History of democracy - Events Read more here: » History of democracy: Encyclopedia II - History of democracy - Rise of democracy in modern national governments |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Helium - Applications Pressurized helium is commercially available. Helium is used for many purposes that require one or more of its unique properties; low boiling point, low density, low solubility, high thermal conductivity, or its inertness.
Airships and balloons (toy, weather, and research) are inflated with helium because it is lighter than air (1 m³ of helium will lift 1 kg). Helium is currently preferred to hydrogen in airships because, while it is more expensive, it is not flammable and has 9 ...
See also:Helium, Helium - Notable characteristics, Helium - Gas and plasma phases, Helium - Solid and liquid phases, Helium - Electron energy levels, Helium - Applications, Helium - History, Helium - Discoveries, Helium - Production and use, Helium - Occurrence and production, Helium - Abundance, Helium - Production, Helium - Isotopes, Helium - Precautions Read more here: » Helium: Encyclopedia II - Helium - Applications |
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| | | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Gamla Uppsala - Archaeology People have been buried in Gamla Uppsala for 2000 years, since the area rose above water. originally there were between 2000 and 3000 mounds in the area but most have become farmland, gardens and quarries. Today only 250 barrows remain.
In the parish there are more than 1 000 preserved archaeological remains, but many more have been removed by agriculture. There are cairns of splintered stone that reveal that the area was settled during the Nordic Bronze Age, but most of the grave fie ...
See also:Gamla Uppsala, Gamla Uppsala - Geographical description, Gamla Uppsala - History, Gamla Uppsala - Archaeology, Gamla Uppsala - The Royal Mounds, Gamla Uppsala - An old controversy and its solution, Gamla Uppsala - Etymology, Gamla Uppsala - The Church, Gamla Uppsala - Source Read more here: » Gamla Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Gamla Uppsala - Archaeology |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Gamla Uppsala - History Early written sources relate that in prehistoric times Gamla Uppsala was famous all over Northern Europe and the seat of the Swedish kings of the legendary House of Ynglings. During the Middle Ages, it was the largest village of Uppland and its eastern part formed the core of the network of royal estates, the Uppsala öd.
Adam of Bremen relates of the Uppsala of the 1070s and describes it as a pagan cult centre with the enormous Temple at Uppsala with wooden statues of Odin, Thor and Freyr. Gamla Uppsala also had a large Ting, the Ting of all Swedes and a large fair, the Disting ...
See also:Gamla Uppsala, Gamla Uppsala - Geographical description, Gamla Uppsala - History, Gamla Uppsala - Archaeology, Gamla Uppsala - The Royal Mounds, Gamla Uppsala - An old controversy and its solution, Gamla Uppsala - Etymology, Gamla Uppsala - The Church, Gamla Uppsala - Source Read more here: » Gamla Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Gamla Uppsala - History |
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| | | | | Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Gamla Uppsala - The Church The church was the Archbishopric of Sweden prior to 1273, when the archbishopric was moved to Östra Aros (Östra Aros was then renamed Uppsala due to a papal request). The old cathedral was probably built in the 11th century, but finished in the 12th century. The stone building may have been preceded by a wooden church and probably by the large Temple at Uppsala. After a fire in 1240, a part of the cathedral was removed but the sacristy and the porch were added. In the 15th century, vaults were added as well as chalk paintings. Among the medieval wooden sculptures, there are three triumph crucifixes from the 12th cen ...
See also:Gamla Uppsala, Gamla Uppsala - Geographical description, Gamla Uppsala - History, Gamla Uppsala - Archaeology, Gamla Uppsala - The Royal Mounds, Gamla Uppsala - An old controversy and its solution, Gamla Uppsala - Etymology, Gamla Uppsala - The Church, Gamla Uppsala - Source Read more here: » Gamla Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Gamla Uppsala - The Church |
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